Filter



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APPLICATION ILED AUG-13| 1919. 1,410,017. Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

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FILTER.

APPLICATION FILED AUGJS, 1919. 1 ,410,01'7. Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

UNITED STATES MAX KESSLER, OF MANNHEIM, GERMANY.

FILTER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Blur. 21, 1922. i

Application led. Augustk 13, 1919. Serial No. 317,296. l

T o all whom it may concern.'

Be 1t known that I, Max Knssnnn, a subj 'pct of the King ofBavaria,residing at 39 eerlachstrasse, Mannheim, Germany, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Filters, (for which I have filedapplications in Germany, Sept. 21, 1917; and addition, Nov. 20, 1917 g)and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear and exactdescription of the invention.

My present invention pertains to filters, the objects, construction andadvantages of which' will be'hereinafter set forth, reference being hadto the annexeddrawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional viewof the filter; Fig. 2 a plan view of an inletdistributing late; Fig. 3 aplan view of a discharge-cohecting plate; Fig. 4 a vertical sectionalview of a filter, composed of single shells; Fig. 5 a plan view of aninlet-distributing plate of this filter; Fig. 6,' a plan,

view of a discharge-collecting plate, cast in one piece with the shell;Fig. '7 a vertical sectional view of a further modification; Fig. 8 aplan view of an inlet-distributing plate of this filter; Fig. 9 avertical sectional view of' a further modication, the inlet-distributingplates of which are provided on the edge with a circular projection onone side, and Fig. 10 a plan view of an inletdistributing plate of thisfilter.

In the heretofore known filters, having filter layers, arranged oneabove the other,

inlet-distributing plates and discharge 'collecting plates, provided onthe upper and:

under side with ribs, being inserted alternately between the filterlayers, the liquid was fed simultaneouslj7 to all inlet-distributingplates from a common inlet channel, so that all distributingplates wereconnected parallel to each other.

The air, enclosed between the inlet-distributing plates and the filterlayers was forced through the filterlayers whereby these lagers weredamaged, or it was conducted through a special channel, arranged near tothe central channel for leading ofi' the filtered liquid. recording tothe present inventionl the air is removed in a simple and efficientmanner in that the liquid is not fed simultaneously to allinlet-distributing plates from a common inlet channel, but is fedsuccessively in such a manner to the distributinglates, arranged inseriesthat it :Hows who y or partly over both sides of each inlet untilthey come finally to la sight glass, fromV which they" are removed byopening a cock or a discharge valve. f Y j Y In the filter shown-in Fig.1 the casing consists of the base plate l, the cylindrical mantle 2 andthe cover plate 3. The filter layers, the inlet-distributing plates andthe j dischargecollecting plates are arranged in the casing in thefollowing manner:V

On the base plate lis placed a lter layer 4'upon this'an inletdistributing Vplate 5, on this a filter layer 4, on this adischargecollecting plate 6, and in this order,'according tothe size ofthe filter, the filter layers 42, 43, 44 and-45 the inlet distributingplates and the discharge collecting plates are placed in the casing. Thecoverplate 7 is placedon the top filter layer45. Pressure is exerted onall the filter layers by the cover plate 7, which is depressed by meansof a nut 10 in a vertical axially arrangedshaft 10 which is fixed inbase plate 1 and extends up through the casing. The filter layers areformed at their inner and outer edges on opposite sides with projections11, which extend past the outer edges of the distributing plates 5 andthe inner edges of the discharge collecting. plates 6. As theprojections of adjacent layers are in contact With each other saidlayers form a continuous zigzag filtering path. j

vWhen the filter layers are compressed as required by the cover plate 7,the mantle'2 of the casing is put on the base plate 1, a packing ring 13being inserted between the mantle and the base plate. 'Ihe casing isthenclos'ed, by the cover 3, a packing ring 13 being inserted betweenthe cover andthe mantle 2. The cover 3 is press the nut 12 against thepacking ring 13a and the mantle 2, so that the casing is made tight inall parts.

The liquid to be filtered is fed through the ed down byk 80 working on athreaded spindleV 8, mounted' e the pressing plate7 and the channel 18of y upper part with a ribbed the spindle 8 into the sight glass 19; YFrom this glass the air escapes by a cock 20, which is opened at thebeginning of' the process, while it is closed when liquid enters intothe y glass 19. y

. The liquid is filtered by passing from theV distributing plates 5through the filter layers 4 to the discharge collecting plates 6. Theseplates 6 are provided on both sides with ribs, in the saine `manner asthe distributing plates 5. The `filter layers' are supported by the ribsandthe liquid is conducted in the channelsbetiveen the ribs.

The filtered liquid passes from the dis charge collecting plates 6 intothe outer collecting chamber between the cylindrical mantle 2, theperiphery of the filter layers, 4 A4342....i5

`and the cover plate cover 3. On `the latter is arranged a sight glass21, provided with an air cock 22, for the escape of the air from theouter collecting chamber. In the lower end of this chamber thedischarging channel 23 is provided from which the fi tei-ed liquid isdischarged.

The filter,shown in Fig. 4f, is built up ott single filter shells. Thepath of the Vliquid in this filter is opposite to that of the firstdescribedfilter, the liquidbeing fed to the outer' chamber of the casingand drawn off from the central channel. This filter is con:- strncted asfollows:

On the base plate 25, provided porting ribs is laced afilter layer 1liand a surrounding filter shell V26, provided in its late 27, having nthis plate is a large central opening.

In the placed the following filter layer 14.

central openings ofthese filter layers is placed abushing 28. 1 On thisbushing is put Vthe collecting plate 29 and on this the following filterlayer 142. Then the second filter shell 26 with the `distributing plate27 is brought in place and Vso on. y On the last distributing plate 272of the filter shell 262` is put a filter layer 145 and on this the cover30. By means of a screw spindle '31 provided on its upper end with ahandy wheel 32 the cover 30is pressed down until the filter` shells`26,126 and 262 by packing rings 40 are tightened against each other aswell as against the base Vplate25` the never. 30,` Foethis purpse, theScrew 7' and spindle 31 is arranged'in the'itraverse 33, connected by`rods 34 with the base plate.

The liquid to be filtered, enters through the channel 35 of the baseplate' 25, rises in the under part 36 of the outer annular channel,formed by the periphery of the filter layers 14 and the filter shell 26until it reaches the first distributing plate 27. The liquid then iioivsaround this plate, first on the under side from, the peripherytothecenter, then on the upper side frointhe center to the periphery andenters in the followT` ing part 36 of the outer annular channel of thesecondfilter shell 26.Vv In this manner the liquid flows around alldistributing plates 2T and carries the air, from between `the supportingribs of these plates and the filter.i

layers along `with it. The air is thendischarged in a lknown mannerthrough thevair cock 37 of the sight glass 38.

As therev isa difference of vpressure be,

tween the distributing plates 27and the cols lecting platev 29, theunfiltered liquid is fil-E tered flowing through the filterlayers ,tothe collecting plates 29. The liquid. then passes through channels 39 oftheV bushing 28 into the central collecting channel, formed by thebushings 28 and leaves they filter through the discharge channel 4,1 ofthe base plate25. n Y n ,I

In Figs. Zand 8a modification is shown, in which the distributingvplates`42 are prof vided on the peripherywith an outer riband areperforated near this rib. AIn thisar-` rangement the liquid flows ontheunder side ofthe plates 42 from the center to vtheppe-l ripliery and isfedv through .the openings 43 to the upper side of the plate Vand to theinner central kchannel 4K1, which is Vformed` by the central openings ofthe filter layer 241.

It `will be understood, that the distributing plates ,mayV have avgreater or lesser number of openings 13, than shown inFig. 8,' y aseven a small movement of the liquid,.flowvi ing continuously from theentrance .to the upper part of the filter, will be suflicient to carrythe air along with it.

This movement.V can also be obtained by using distributing iio plates,vvhich allow one part of the .liquid toV 'flow directly to the followingplate, sothat `only a smallpart off the liquidV will f loiv over allsides ofl thefvdistributing plated` `This maybe effected, by arrangingon that edge of the distributing plates, which is in connection with theinlet channel, arestrictionof the free passage. 1

A filter' of this constructiomin nhichithe liquidiivsy fed through theouter ringcliannel and is Adischarged from the centralchannel,

is shown in Fig. 9 in vertical section. Fig.,

10 is asplan View of a distributing plate.

The ribbed distributing plate 15() reaching with its louter edge .intothe,outercir-l cular. feeding channel 136 of the filter, is

provided on its edge on theupper side vvith iso rises inthe outerannular space 136, sur-- rounding the filter` layers-140 and the`distributing plates 150, and flows on the under n side of these platesbetween the ribs of the same and the filter layer 140. In its furtherpassage the. liquid flows around the inner edge of the plate and 'overthe upper side of the same to the annular channel 55, carrying withitthe air, from the space between the ribs of the distributing plates.This air escapes through the slits 54 and rises in the outer annularspace 136, from the upper end of which it is discharged Yin a knownVmanner. ItA does not matter if a small quantity of liquid enters throughthe slits 54 to the ribs of the upper side of the distributing plates.`The main streaml has the opposite direction, so that the air is drivento the annular channel 55 and can escape through the slits 54 into theouter annular space 136. j v "During filtration the liquid ows fromthe.`distributing plates 150 through the filter layers 140 to vthecollecting plates 106, 'the inner edge of which reaches the (not shown)centralV shaft.Y In allV places, where liquid is taken away'froni adistributing plate 150, of course a new quantity of liquid flows to theplate, coming from the side opposite thecircular projection 53, becausehere the liquid can enter without difliculty. Thereforeduring-'filtration astream of liquidaroundthe distributing plates l5()is maintained, so that all bubbles of air or gas .are driven to theannular channel 55 and escape through the slits 54 to t-he outer annularspace:

The same effect is obtained, when the annular projection 53 is arrangedon the under side of the distributing plate 150. In a filter in whichthe liquid flows in an opposite direction, i. e., is fed through thecentral channel, while it is discharged out of the outer annularchannel, the restriction is arranged on the inner edge of thedistributing plates,`

reaching tothe central channel. The effect is the same as in the firstdescribed arrangement.

I claim:

l. In a filter, a casing, spaced impervious inlet distributing platesand alternating impervious discharge collecting plates in said casing,filter elements included between said plates, said plates extending butpartly over the area of the filter' element-s, and said filter elementshaving contacting portions beyond the edges of the plates toformacontinuous zig-zag filtering path, means to supply the liquidto befiltered to the distributing plates, and means to collect liquid fromthe discharge plates.

2. In afilter, a casing, spaced circular, im-

pervious inlet distributing plates and alternating impervious dischargecollecting plates in said casing, said plates having ribs forminggrooves extending to the-periphcries thereof, and filter 'elementsbetween the plates having circular contacting portions beyond the edgeol said plates to form a continuous zig-Zag filteringpath.

3.l In a filter, a casing, imperviousinlet distributing plates andalternating impervious collecting and dischargelplates, said plateshaving ribs-on both sides, forming grooves 'terminating at theirperipheries, filter element-s between the plates, having contactingportions extending beyond the edges of' the respective plates to forni|a continuous zig-zag filtering path, an inletchamber communicating withsaid distributing plates, and a discharge chamber communicating with thedischarge plates.

4. In a filter, .a casing, inlet imperviousv distributing plates andalternating impervious collecting and discharge plates, said lateshavingv ribs lon both sides thereof forming grooves extending to theperipheries'otthe plates, the grooves on one sideofl a platecommunicating with the Ygrooves on the other side at the outer edge of'the plate, and filter elements included between-tbe ilates havingortions extending Vast the edges ofthe plates to *form a continuouszigzag filtering path, afchamber'common to all the distributing plates'and a chambercommon to all the collecting plates. l

` 5. In a` filter, a casing, inletvdistributing plates and alternatingdischarge plates,'filter elements between said plates, each elementhaving a portion extending beyondA the edge of an inlet` plate andcontacting with a portion extending beyond the edge of a dis chargeplate, thereby forming a continuous zig-zag filtering path, a centralchamber extending through the casing and communieating with thedistributing plates, air venting means for said chamber, a peripheralchamber between the casing and filter elements communicating with thedischarge plates, and air venting means for said chamber. i

6. In a filter, a casing, a central shaft mounted therein, imperviousannular distributing plates in axial contact with the shaft, im aerviousannular discharge plates interpose between the distributing plates, theinner edges of the discharge plates being out of contact with thecentral shaft, thereby forming interior annular spaces bevtweensaidedges and the shaft, said plates having ribs on both sides thereofforming grooves extending from their inner edges to the peripheries ofthe plates, and filtering elements between the plates extending beyondthe periplieries of the distributing plates and beyond the inner edgesof the ischarge plates to form a continuous zigza filtering path. p

In a filter, a casing, a vertical shaft centrally mounted therein,impervious annular distributing plates, impervious annular dischargeplates interposed between the distributing plates, theinner edges of thedistributing plates, contacting with the shaft and the outer edges ofthe discharge plates contacting with the casing, said plates having ribson both sides `forming grooves eX` tending from their inner toV theirouter edges, and filtering elements between the )lates having contactingportions extending beyond the outer edges of the distributing plates andthe inner edges of the discharge f plates, said elements forming aninner annular chamber common to the distributing plates and an outerannular chamber' com-y mon` to the discharge plates.

8. In a filter, a casing,.a centrally arranged' vertical shaft mountedtherein, a plurality of superposed filtering elements surrounding theshaft and cooperating with the shaft and casing to form inner and outerannular chambers, a plurality of impervious annular distributing plates`between the flterin elements and Vhaving grooves forme( in both facescommunicating with the inner annular chamber, and a plurality ofimpervious annular discharge plates between thefilteringelementsalternating with the distributing plates and having grooves `formed inboth faces communicating with the outer annular chamber.

9. In a filter, a casing, a centrally arranged vertical shaft mountedtherein, a plurality of superposed filtering elements surrounding theshaft and cooperating with the latter andcasing to form inner and outerannular chambers, a plurality of impervious annulary distributing platesinterposed between the filtering elements, the inner edges of saidplates dividing the inner cham-` ber into separate compartments, ribs onboth sides of said plates forming grooves communicating vwith saidcompartments, a plurality of impervious annular discharge platesinterposedrbetween the yfiltering elements and alternatin with thedistributing plates, the outer e ges of the dischargey plates dividingthe outer annular chamber into separate compartments, ribs on both sidesof the discharge platesforming grooves communicating with the last namedcompartments. y

10. In a ilter, a easing, a centrally arranged vertical shaft mountedtherein, a plu'- rality of superposed filtering elements surrounding theshaft and cooperating with the latter and casing to form inner and outerannular chambers, a plurality of'impervious `annular distributingplatesinterposed bepartments, aninlet conduit communicating with the bottomVcompartment of the 4inner annular chamber and anoutlet conduit com?municating with the bottom compartment of the outer annular chamber. Y

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this'spe'cification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

` MAX KESSLER. Y

WVitnesses G. A. OTT,

B. Pross.

